1962 约翰-斯坦贝克 纽约

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John Steinbeck
Facts
John Steinbeck
Photo from the Nobel Foundation archive.
John Steinbeck
The Nobel Prize in Literature 1962

Born: 27 February 1902, Salinas, CA, USA

Died: 20 December 1968, New York, NY, USA

Residence at the time of the award: USA

Prize motivation: "for his realistic and imaginative writings, combining as they do sympathetic humour and keen social perception."

Language: English

Prize share: 1/1

Life
John Steinbeck grew up in a small town in a family that a few generations back had emigrated to the United States from Germany, England and Ireland. While studying at Stanford University, he worked during breaks and summers in farm fields that cultivated sugar beets and other crops. He did not earn a college degree but discontinued his studies to move to New York. There he worked as a writer and critic and met his first wife, Carol Henning. He was married two more times and had two sons.

Work
Conditions for migrants and seasonal workers became a recurring theme in Steinbeck’s writings and were particularly evident in Of Mice and Men and The Grapes of Wrath. The latter relates how unemployment and abuse of power forced farmers to migrate from Oklahoma to California. Sympathy with the downtrodden and the poor characterizes his writing. It is expressed with a compassionate sense of humor and a sharp eye for social and economic injustices. His other outstanding works include East of Eden (1952) and The Pearl (1947).



John Steinbeck
事实
约翰-斯坦贝克
图片来自诺贝尔基金会档案。
约翰-斯坦贝克
1962年诺贝尔文学奖获得者

出生：1902年2月27日，美国加利福尼亚州萨利纳斯市

逝世：1968年12月20日，美国纽约州纽约市

获奖时的居住地。美国

颁奖动机。获奖理由："因为他的现实主义和想象力丰富的作品，结合了同情的幽默和敏锐的社会洞察力"。

语言。英语

奖金份额。1/1

生平
约翰-斯坦贝克在一个小镇上长大，他的家庭前几代人都是从德国、英国和爱尔兰移民到美国的。在斯坦福大学学习期间，他利用休息时间和夏天在种植甜菜和其他作物的农田里工作。他没有获得大学学位，但中止了学业，搬到了纽约。在那里，他担任作家和评论家，并遇到了他的第一任妻子卡罗尔-亨宁。他又结过两次婚，有两个儿子。

工作
移民和季节性工人的条件成为斯坦贝克作品中反复出现的主题，在《人鼠之间》和《愤怒的葡萄》中尤为明显。后者讲述了失业和滥用权力如何迫使农民从俄克拉荷马州移民到加利福尼亚。对受压迫者和穷人的同情是他写作的特点。在表达这种同情的同时，他还对社会和经济的不公正现象有着敏锐的洞察力，具有幽默感。他的其他杰出作品包括《伊甸园之东》（1952年）和《珍珠》（1947年）。