迪娜-卡塔比 计算机科学家

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Dina Katabi
Computer Scientist | Class of 2013
Working at the interface of computer science and electrical engineering to improve the speed, reliability, and security of data exchange, particularly in wireless networks.


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Title
Computer Scientist
Affiliation
Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Location
Cambridge, Massachusetts
Age
42 at time of award
Area of Focus
Computer Science and Electrical Engineering
Website
Massachusetts Institute of Technology: Dina Katabi
NETMIT Research Group
Published September 25, 2013
ABOUT DINA'S WORK
Dina Katabi is a communications researcher working at the interface of computer science and electrical engineering to improve the speed, reliability, and security of data exchange. Katabi has contributed to a range of networking issues, from protocols to minimize congestion in high-bandwidth networks to algorithms for spectrum analysis, though most of her work centers on wireless data transmission.

In WiFi (802.11) networks, it is common for two devices to send packets of information nearly simultaneously, resulting in partial data loss and rejection of both packets, a process that is repeated until each packet is transmitted without interference. Katabi and colleagues developed a “ZigZag” algorithm that reconstructs the contents of the collided packets by combining the usable fragments from each, thereby reducing the retransmission rates significantly. Additionally, while WiFi signals are typically thought of as communication signals, Katabi and her students have shown that they can be used to track the movements of humans, even if they are in a closed room or behind a wall. This technology can also be used to send commands to a computer via a person’s gestures as the signals reflect off of the person’s body.

Because 802.11 networks are radio broadcasts, their signals are vulnerable to interception and manipulation by nefarious third parties. Katabi designed a method that uses random wireless signals to protect low-power devices during the exchange of encryption keys and make it impossible for intermediaries to insert themselves undetected (“man-in-the-middle” attack) in the data stream. For safety reasons, some wireless devices need to transmit unencrypted data—for example, pacemakers—which makes them sensitive to malevolent interference. She and her colleagues are designing wearable devices that protect pacemakers against unwanted manipulation while allowing medical personnel emergency access without security codes.

Additional projects, such as showing the potential of radio interference to increase bandwidth and developing data protocols that address network congestion, demonstrate Katabi’s ability to translate long-recognized theoretical advances into practical solutions that could be deployed in the real world. Through her numerous contributions, Katabi has become a leader in accelerating our capacity to communicate high volumes of information securely without restricting mobility.

BIOGRAPHY
Dina Katabi received a B.S. (1995) from Damascus University and an M.S. (1999) and Ph.D. (2003) from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. She joined the faculty of MIT in 2003, where she is currently a professor in the Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, director of the MIT Center for Wireless Networks and Mobile Computing (Wireless@MIT), and a member of the Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, where she leads the Networks at MIT group (NETMIT).



迪娜-卡塔比
计算机科学家 | 2013级
在计算机科学和电气工程的界面工作，以提高数据交换的速度、可靠性和安全性，特别是在无线网络中。


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标题
计算机科学家
工作单位
马萨诸塞州技术研究所
工作地点
马萨诸塞州剑桥市
年龄
获奖时42岁
重点领域
计算机科学和电气工程
网站
麻省理工学院。迪娜-卡塔比
NETMIT研究小组
发表于2013年9月25日
关于迪娜的工作
Dina Katabi是一名通信研究人员，在计算机科学和电气工程的界面上工作，以提高数据交换的速度、可靠性和安全性。卡塔比对一系列网络问题做出了贡献，从最大限度地减少高带宽网络的拥堵的协议到频谱分析的算法，尽管她的大部分工作都集中在无线数据传输方面。

在WiFi（802.11）网络中，两个设备几乎同时发送信息包是很常见的，导致部分数据丢失和拒绝两个数据包，这个过程不断重复，直到每个数据包都能无干扰地传输。Katabi及其同事开发了一种 "ZigZag "算法，通过合并每个数据包的可用片段来重建碰撞后的内容，从而大大降低了重传率。此外，虽然WiFi信号通常被认为是通信信号，但卡塔比和她的学生已经证明，它们可以被用来追踪人类的运动，即使他们在一个封闭的房间里或在一堵墙后面。这项技术还可用于通过人的手势向计算机发送命令，因为信号从人的身体上反射出来。

由于802.11网络是无线电广播，其信号容易被邪恶的第三方截获和操纵。卡塔比设计了一种方法，利用随机无线信号在交换加密密钥时保护低功率设备，使中间人无法在数据流中插入自己而不被发现（"中间人 "攻击）。出于安全考虑，一些无线设备需要传输未加密的数据--例如，心脏起搏器--这使得它们对恶意干扰很敏感。她和她的同事们正在设计可穿戴设备，以保护心脏起搏器免受不必要的操纵，同时允许医务人员在没有安全代码的情况下紧急访问。

其他项目，如显示无线电干扰增加带宽的潜力和开发解决网络拥堵的数据协议，显示了卡塔比将长期公认的理论进展转化为可在现实世界中部署的实际解决方案的能力。通过她的众多贡献，卡塔比已经成为加速我们在不限制移动性的情况下安全地通信大量信息的能力的领导者。

个人简历
Dina Katabi在大马士革大学获得学士学位（1995年），在麻省理工学院获得硕士学位（1999年）和博士学位（2003年）。她于2003年加入麻省理工学院，目前是电子工程和计算机科学系的教授，麻省理工学院无线网络和移动计算中心（Wireless@MIT）的主任，以及计算机科学和人工智能实验室的成员，她领导麻省理工学院的网络小组（NETMIT）。