Daniel Jurafsky 计算机科学家和语言学家

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Daniel Jurafsky
Computer Scientist and Linguist | Class of 2002
Improving the capacity for computers to process natural language by analyzing the syntax and usage of ordinary sentences.

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Title
Computer Scientist and Linguist
Affiliation
University of Colorado
Location
Boulder, Colorado
Age
39 at time of award
Area of Focus
Computer Science and Electrical Engineering, Linguistics
Twitter
@jurafsky
Published September 25, 2002
ABOUT DANIEL'S WORK
Daniel Jurafsky is a computer scientist whose work establishes the foundations for developing systems that use natural language to interact with people. Much of his research has focused on identifying patterns in syntax that provide clues to the underlying semantic structure of communication. Computational linguists have developed several large, annotated databases (known as corpora) that represent and reflect the ordinary use of a language; many of the entries have more than one grammatically correct interpretation. By identifying the syntactic patterns of a large number of actual sentences (using statistical methods such as Hidden Markov Models and Bayesian analyses), Jurafsky and his colleagues have found that computer parsers can be made more efficient by focusing on the most likely interpretations. He, nevertheless, moves readily beyond the domain of algorithm development into human language production and processing. His collaborative efforts have shown, for example, that words are pronounced more precisely if they are critical to the listener for resolving potential ambiguities. Jurafsky also investigates the patterns of human dialog to identify the hidden assumptions about shared knowledge that are critical to smooth conversational flow. In addition to offering new perspectives for further empirical research into psycholinguistics, Jurafsky's basic research directly enhances the engineering of human-machine natural language systems.

BIOGRAPHY
Daniel Jurafsky received a B.A. (1983) and a Ph.D. (1992) from the University of California, Berkeley. He worked as a software engineer and consultant before pursuing post-doctoral studies at the International Computer Science Institute in Berkeley, California. Jurafsky has been affiliated with the Department of Linguistics at the University of California, Berkeley (1993–1994). He joined the University of Colorado faculty in 1996; he is currently an associate professor with appointments in the linguistics and computer science departments as well as the Institute of Cognitive Science. He is the co-author of the textbook, Speech and Language Processing: An Introduction to Natural Language Processing (2000) and co-editor of Cognition and Function in Language (1999).

RECENT NEWS
Dan Jurafsky is a professor in the Departments of Linguistics and Computer Science, and chair of the Department of Linguistics, at Stanford University, where he co-created one of the first massively open online courses: Stanford’s course in Natural Language Processing. His recent research has focused on the extraction of meaning from text and speech and on applying natural language processing technology to the behavioral and social sciences. His most recent book is The Language of Food: A Linguist Reads the Menu (2014).

Updated August 2015



Daniel Jurafsky
计算机科学家和语言学家 | 2002级
通过分析普通句子的语法和用法，提高计算机处理自然语言的能力。

丹尼尔-朱拉夫斯基的画像
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标题
计算机科学家和语言学家
工作单位
科罗拉多大学
工作地点
科罗拉多州博尔德市
年龄
获奖时39岁
重点领域
计算机科学和电气工程, 语言学
叽叽喳喳
@jurafsky
发表于2002年9月25日
关于丹尼尔的工作
丹尼尔-尤拉夫斯基是一位计算机科学家，他的工作为开发使用自然语言与人互动的系统奠定了基础。他的大部分研究集中在识别语法模式上，这些模式为交流的潜在语义结构提供了线索。计算语言学家已经开发了几个大型的、有注释的数据库（称为语料库），代表并反映了一种语言的普通使用情况；许多条目有不止一种语法上正确的解释。通过识别大量实际句子的句法模式（使用隐马尔可夫模型和贝叶斯分析等统计方法），Jurafsky和他的同事们发现，计算机解析器可以通过关注最可能的解释而变得更有效率。尽管如此，他还是轻易地超越了算法开发领域，进入了人类语言生产和处理领域。例如，他的合作努力表明，如果单词对听众解决潜在的歧义至关重要，那么这些单词的发音就会更加精确。Jurafsky还研究了人类对话的模式，以确定关于共享知识的隐藏假设，这些假设对顺利的对话流程至关重要。除了为心理语言学的进一步实证研究提供新的视角外，Jurafsky的基础研究直接增强了人机自然语言系统的工程。

个人简历
丹尼尔-朱拉夫斯基在加州大学伯克利分校获得学士（1983年）和博士（1992年）学位。在加州伯克利的国际计算机科学研究所进行博士后研究之前，他曾担任软件工程师和顾问。Jurafsky一直隶属于加州大学伯克利分校的语言学系（1993-1994）。他于1996年加入科罗拉多大学教职，目前是副教授，在语言学和计算机科学系以及认知科学研究所任职。他是教科书《语音和语言处理》的作者之一。他是教科书《语音和语言处理：自然语言处理简介》（2000年）的共同作者，也是《语言的认知和功能》（1999年）的共同编辑。

最近的新闻
Dan Jurafsky是斯坦福大学语言学系和计算机科学系的教授，也是语言学系的系主任，他在那里共同创建了第一批大规模开放的在线课程之一。斯坦福大学的自然语言处理课程。他最近的研究侧重于从文本和语音中提取意义，以及将自然语言处理技术应用于行为和社会科学。他最近的著作是《食物的语言》。一个语言学家对菜单的解读》（2014）。

2015年8月更新