威廉-迪克特尔 化学家

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William Dichtel
Chemist | Class of 2015
Pioneering the assembly of molecules into stable, high surface-area networks with potential applications in electronic, optical, and energy storage devices.


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Title
Chemist
Affiliation
Cornell University
Location
Ithaca, New York
Age
37 at time of award
Area of Focus
Chemistry, Materials Science and Engineering
Website
Dichtel Research Group
Northwestern University: William Dichtel
Social
Twitter
Published September 29, 2015
ABOUT WILLIAM'S WORK
William Dichtel is a chemist whose innovations in synthetic and supramolecular chemistry hold promise for bringing a new class of nanostructured materials out of the lab and into daily use. Dichtel has pioneered the development of porous polymers known as covalent organic frameworks (COFs), which are formed from molecules with specific shapes that simultaneously polymerize (combine to form larger molecules that contain repeating structural units) and assemble into ordered two-dimensional grids or three-dimensional scaffolds. The tiny pores of COFs confer extremely high surface area—approaching that of a football field per gram of the polymer—making them of interest for molecular separations, sensing trace substances, storing chemical fuels or electrical charge, and purifying water, among other potential applications.

The first COFs contained simple building blocks lacking interesting functions as well as linkages that degrade rapidly in water, and they were formed as insoluble powders not easily processed into devices. If unaddressed, these attributes would relegate COFs to academic curiosities. Dichtel and his group overcame these challenges by introducing functional monomers, such as those capable of absorbing visible light or accepting and releasing electrons reversibly, into COF structures, thus demonstrating their potential in, for example, organic photovoltaic devices and batteries. To address the difficulties in processing COFs into devices, Dichtel formed thin layers of COFs directly onto surfaces by using a sheet of graphene to direct their polymerization, thereby providing a general means to connect these materials to electrodes.

Despite their promise, much remains unknown about the molecular-level details of how COFs polymerize and crystallize. Dichtel and his group have developed new methods to study the mechanism of COF formation and have already challenged long-standing but untested assumptions about expanding the concept of polymerization in two and three dimensions. Dichtel’s breadth of expertise, ranging from small molecule organic chemistry to materials and device fabrication, and his pioneering demonstration of COFs with unprecedented functionality and improved stability have made him a leading figure in chemistry.

BIOGRAPHY
William Dichtel received a B.S. (2000) from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and a Ph.D. (2005) from the University of California at Berkeley. He had a joint appointment as a research associate (2005–2008) at the University of California at Los Angeles and the California Institute of Technology before joining the faculty of Cornell University, where he is currently an associate professor in the Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology. His scientific papers have appeared in such journals as Science, Nature Chemistry, Journal of the American Chemical Society, and Angewandte Chemie, among others.

RECENT NEWS
In 2016, William Dichtel joined the faculty of Northwestern University, where he is currently Robert L. Letsinger Professor of Chemistry.



威廉-迪克特尔
化学家 | 2015级
率先将分子组装成稳定的、高表面积的网络，并在电子、光学和储能设备中得到潜在的应用。


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标题
化学家
工作单位
康奈尔大学
工作地点
纽约州伊萨卡市
年龄
获奖时37岁
重点领域
化学、材料科学和工程
网站
Dichtel研究小组
西北大学。威廉-迪赫特尔
社会
推特
发表于2015年9月29日
关于William的工作
William Dichtel是一位化学家，他在合成和超分子化学方面的创新有望使一类新的纳米结构材料走出实验室，进入日常使用。Dichtel率先开发了被称为共价有机框架（COFs）的多孔聚合物，它是由具有特定形状的分子同时聚合（结合成含有重复结构单元的较大分子）并组装成有序的二维网格或三维支架而形成。COFs的微小孔隙赋予了极高的表面积--接近每克聚合物的一个足球场的表面积--使得它们在分子分离、感应微量物质、储存化学燃料或电荷以及净化水等潜在应用中备受关注。

第一批COFs包含简单的构件，缺乏有趣的功能，以及在水中迅速降解的链接，而且它们形成的不溶性粉末不容易被加工成设备。如果不解决这些问题，这些属性将使COFs沦为学术上的好奇物。Dichtel和他的小组通过在COF结构中引入功能性单体，如那些能够吸收可见光或可逆地接受和释放电子的单体，克服了这些挑战，从而证明了它们在诸如有机光伏设备和电池方面的潜力。为了解决将COFs加工成设备的困难，Dichtel通过使用一片石墨烯来指导它们的聚合，直接在表面上形成了COFs的薄层，从而提供了一种将这些材料连接到电极的通用方法。

尽管它们很有前途，但关于COFs如何聚合和结晶的分子级细节仍有许多未知数。Dichtel和他的小组已经开发了新的方法来研究COF的形成机制，并且已经挑战了长期存在但未经检验的假设，将聚合的概念扩大到二维和三维。Dichtel的专业知识非常广泛，从小分子有机化学到材料和设备制造，他开创性地展示了具有前所未有的功能和改进的稳定性的COFs，使他成为化学界的领军人物。

个人简历
威廉-迪赫特尔在麻省理工学院获得学士学位（2000年），在加州大学伯克利分校获得博士学位（2005年）。他曾在加州大学洛杉矶分校和加州理工学院担任联合研究助理（2005-2008年），然后加入康奈尔大学的教师队伍，目前是化学和化学生物学系的副教授。他的科学论文发表在《科学》、《自然化学》、《美国化学会杂志》和《Angewandte Chemie》等杂志上。

最近的新闻
2016年，威廉-迪赫特尔加入了西北大学的教师队伍，目前他是罗伯特-莱辛格化学教授。