迈克尔-埃洛维茨 分子生物学家

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Michael Elowitz
Molecular Biologist | Class of 2007
Laying the groundwork for the next stage of the genomics revolution — understanding how genes interact.

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Title
Molecular Biologist
Affiliation
California Institute of Technology
Location
Pasadena, California
Age
37 at time of award
Area of Focus
Genetics and Molecular Biology
Published January 28, 2007
ABOUT MICHAEL'S WORK
Michael Elowitz is a molecular biologist who is laying the groundwork for the next stage in the genomics revolution — understanding how genes interact. To do so, Elowitz employs a strategy of designing artificial genetic “circuits,” first modeling them computationally and then introducing the elements in vivo to test their activity. Experimenting with the first synthetic biological oscillator, he surprised many by demonstrating that even relatively simple negative feedback genetic regulation loops can generate complex behavior within a cell. His work revealed that, because of the low concentration of effector molecules, concepts familiar in electronics such as noise and bistability also find currency in explaining gene regulation. In another critical experiment, Elowitz showed that when two reporter genes with identical regulatory elements were engineered into bacteria they expressed themselves differently and that these differences were due to both intrinsic and extrinsic noise. More recently, he investigated the regulation of a complex stage in normal cellular differentiation of bacilli known as “competence” in which they are temporarily able to incorporate DNA from their external environment. Evidence from imaging studies and mathematical modeling suggest that the underlying genetic circuit consists of both positive and negative feedback loops. Through these and other studies, Elowitz is addressing the long-standing question of how cells can maintain a well-regulated state in a complex and noisy environment.

BIOGRAPHY
Michael Elowitz received a B.A. (1992) from the University of California, Berkeley, and a Ph.D. (1999) from Princeton University. Since 2003, he has served as an assistant professor of biology and as an applied physics Bren Scholar at the California Institute of Technology. His numerous articles have appeared in such journals as Science, Nature, and Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences USA.



迈克尔-埃洛维茨
分子生物学家｜2007级
为基因组学革命的下一阶段打下基础--了解基因如何相互作用。

迈克尔-埃洛维茨的肖像
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标题
分子生物学家
工作单位
加州理工学院
工作地点
帕萨迪纳，加利福尼亚
年龄
获奖时37岁
重点领域
遗传学和分子生物学
发表于2007年1月28日
关于迈克尔的工作
迈克尔-埃洛维茨是一位分子生物学家，他正在为基因组学革命的下一阶段打下基础--了解基因如何相互作用。为此，埃洛维茨采用了一种设计人工基因 "电路 "的策略，首先对其进行计算建模，然后在体内引入这些元素以测试其活性。通过对第一个合成生物振荡器的实验，他证明了即使是相对简单的负反馈遗传调节回路也能在细胞内产生复杂的行为，这让许多人感到惊讶。他的工作显示，由于效应分子的浓度较低，电子学中熟悉的概念，如噪声和双稳态，也能在解释基因调控方面找到依据。在另一个关键的实验中，埃洛维茨表明，当两个具有相同调控元素的报告基因被设计到细菌中时，它们的表达是不同的，这些差异是由于内在和外在的噪声造成的。最近，他研究了杆菌正常细胞分化中的一个复杂阶段的调控，该阶段被称为 "能力"，在这个阶段，它们暂时能够从外部环境中吸收DNA。来自成像研究和数学建模的证据表明，潜在的遗传回路由正反馈和负反馈回路组成。通过这些和其他研究，埃洛维茨正在解决细胞如何在复杂和嘈杂的环境中保持良好的调节状态这一长期存在的问题。

个人简历
迈克尔-埃洛维茨在加利福尼亚大学伯克利分校获得学士学位（1992年），并在普林斯顿大学获得博士学位（1999年）。自2003年以来，他在加州理工学院担任生物学助理教授和应用物理学布伦学者。他的许多文章出现在《科学》、《自然》和《美国国家科学院院刊》等杂志上。